The use of a table top electrical oven that uses the circulation of hot air to cook items.

Cold water dyes and hot water dyes. Dyeing with mordants.

Thermoplastic materials are joined using a jet of hot air to melt and fuse the plastics material. A filler rod of the same material may be used to reinforce the joint.

Hot-melt adhesives are supplied as sticks of copolymers of ethene and vinyl acetate. Heat is used to melt the adhesive in the ‘glue gun’ so that drops can be applied to the materials to be joined. Bonding results when the glue solidifies on cooling. Many different types of gun are available with electric or butane cartridge heating and supplying glue at different rates.